ALLPCB
Definition
The term "embedded" generally refers to embedded systems: devices used to control, monitor, or assist the operation of machines and equipment.
Characteristics
An embedded system is an application-centric computer system based on computing technology. Its hardware and software can be tailored, and it is a dedicated computer designed for strict requirements on functionality, reliability, cost, size, and power consumption. Being application-centric indicates that embedded systems have a specific practical purpose. Being based on computing technology indicates that they are a specialized form of computer. Tailorable hardware and software indicate strong flexibility and customizability.
Dedicated vs General-Purpose Systems
A dedicated computer system contrasts with a general-purpose one. Personal PCs, laptops, and data center servers can serve multiple purposes and are examples of general-purpose computer systems.
Typical Application Areas
- Personal communications and entertainment systems
- Mobile phones
- Digital cameras
- Music players
- Wearable electronics
- Handheld game consoles
- Home appliances
- Digital television
- Robotic vacuum cleaners
- Smart appliances
- Office automation
- Printers
- Copiers
- Fax machines
- Medical electronics
- Biochemical analyzers
- Hematology analyzers
- CT scanners
- Network and communication products
- Telecommunication switching equipment
- Network devices such as switches and routers
- Network security appliances
- Automotive electronics
- Engine control
- Safety systems
- In-vehicle navigation and entertainment systems
- Industrial control
- Industrial computers
- Interactive terminals (POS, ATM)
- Security surveillance
- Data acquisition and transmission
- Instruments and meters
Embedded systems surround us and constantly affect our work and daily life.
Historical Note
The emergence of embedded systems was initially based on microcontrollers. The earliest microcontroller was Intel's 8048. Intel later improved the 8048 and developed the 8051. To date, the 8051 series remains one of the most successful microcontroller families and is widely used across many products.
