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Overview
Researchers in China and abroad have been developing energy storage technologies in recent years, implementing storage through systems and equipment. Energy storage systems (ESS) are generally classified as AC ESS and DC ESS. As electrical equipment, they are subject to electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) requirements and require EMC testing.
There are related safety standards for storage systems and equipment, notably ANSI/CAN/UL 9540; the current version is the 2023 edition. The standard includes specific EMC test requirements, based on the relevant IEC 61000 basic standards that define specific test levels.
36.3 Radio-frequency electromagnetic field
According to IEC 61000-4-3, the specific test requirements are:
- a) 80 MHz to 1 GHz: test field strength 10 V/m, AM modulation, 1 kHz (80% AM);
- b) 1.4 GHz to 6.0 GHz: test field strength 3 V/m, AM modulation, 1 kHz (80% AM);
Implementation: If the equipment under test can be placed inside an anechoic chamber, a radiated immunity test system is used inside the chamber, as shown in Figure 1. If the object is too large to fit in the chamber, an external field test method is used. Details are discussed in another article: "Radiated Immunity Testing in Non?Anechoic Environments".
36.6 Radio-frequency common mode
According to IEC 61000-4-6, the specific test requirements are:
- a) For I/O ports with cables longer than 3 m: 150 kHz to 80 MHz, 10 V test; test signal AM 1 kHz, 80% AM;
- b) For DC ports: 150 kHz to 80 MHz, 10 V test; test signal 1 kHz, 80% AM;
- c) For AC ports: 150 kHz to 80 MHz, 10 V test; test signal 1 kHz, 80% AM;
Implementation: Conducted immunity tests are performed using a conducted immunity test system, as shown in Figure 2. Details are discussed in another article: "IEC 61000-4-6 Radio-Frequency Conducted Immunity Standard and Test Implementation".
Figure 2: Measurement setup with NSG4070C-80 + CDN
Tests based on IEC 61000-4-16
In addition to the tests listed above, products related to the power industry may require common-mode immunity testing in the low-frequency band from DC to 150 kHz according to IEC 61000-4-16, using equipment such as that shown in Figure 3.
Figure 3: Measurement setup with NSG4060
Details are discussed in another article: "IEC 61000-4-16 & -4-19 and Test Schemes (4)".
Summary
EMC testing for emerging energy storage systems and equipment follows defined test requirements and established implementation methods based on IEC 61000 standards.
